1,2-ブチレンオキシド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色～わずかにうすい黄色, 澄明の液体
溶解性
水に可溶 (＞1g/100ml)。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水にやや溶けやすい。
用途
1,1,1-トリクロロエタンの安定剤、農薬?医薬の原料
化学的特性
1,2-Butylene oxide is a colorless mobile liquid with an unpleasant smell. This low boiling liquid has but limited water solubility, yet is miscible with most common organic solvents. It undergoes the usual reactions of epoxides with compounds having labile hydrogen atoms. Some of these are acids, amines, ammonia, alcohols, phenols, polyols, thiols, etc. Butylene oxide can be polymerized or copolymerized with other alkylene oxides to yield polyethers. The resulting polymers are less water soluble than the polymers made from ethylene and propylene oxide, of equivalent chain length.
使用
Intermediate for various polymers, stabilizer for
chlorinated solvents.
一般的な説明
A clear colorless volatile liquid with an ethereal odor. Flash point near 0°F. Density about 6.9 lb / gal. Soluble in water. Boiling point near 140°F. Flammable over a wide range of vapor-air concentrations. May polymerize with the evolution of heat and possible rupture of container if contaminated. Vapors irritate eyes, skin and respiratory system. Prolonged contact with skin may cause in delayed burns. Vapors are heavier than air. Used as an intermediate to make various polymers. Chemicals that polymerize are often stabilized by refrigeration.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Soluble in water and may decompose upon contact with water.
反応プロフィール
Epoxides, such as 1,2-EPOXYBUTANE, are highly reactive. They polymerize in the presence of catalysts or when heated. Contact with anhydrous metal halides; amino, hydroxyl and carboxyl functions; inorganic acids and charcoal may cause polymerization. These polymerization reactions can be violent. Compounds in this group react with acids, bases, and oxidizing and reducing agents. They react, possibly violently with water in the presence of acid and other catalysts.
危険性
Toxic concentration of vapors occurs at
room temperature. Highly flammable, dangerous
fire risk. Possible carcinogen.
健康ハザード
Inhalation: intolerable odor and irritation; respiratory injury may occur at higher levels. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with either liquid or vapor may cause burns of eyes. Liquid produces frostbite-type of skin burn if free to evaporate; if confined to skin, burn may cause skin sensitization; not readily absorbed in toxic amounts.
火災危険
Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode in fire. Use water to cool container from safe distance.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic data.
Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin
contact. Mtldly toxic by inhalation.
Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation
data reported. Dangerous fire hazard when
exposed to heat, flame, or powerful
oxidizers. To fight fire, use dry chemical,
water spray, mist or fog, alcohol foam.
When heated to decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and fumes.
職業ばく露
It is used as a stabilizer in chlorinated
solvents, and to make other chemicals, such as gasoline
additives.
発がん性
Exposure to 1000 ppm before and during
gestation did not cause any teratogenic effects
in rats; fetal growth and viability were not
affected despite depressed maternal body
weight gain.6 Rabbits exposed at 250 or
1000ppm 7 hours/day during gestational days
0 to 24 had maternal deaths at both exposure
concentrations. No teratogenic effects were
observed, although the pregnancy rate was
reduced in the high-dose group. 1,2-Epoxybutane
is a direct-acting alkylating agent, and it is
genotoxic in a wide range of assays.
Instilled in the eyes of rabbits, 1,2-
epoxybutane caused corneal injury.
A threshold limit value (TLV) has not been
established for 1,2-epoxybutane, although US
manufacturers have recommended a voluntary
time-weighted average-threshold limit value of
40ppm.
輸送方法
UN3022 1,2-Butylene oxide, stabilized, Hazard
Class: 3; Labels: 3—Flammable liquid
純化方法
Dry it with CaSO4, and fractionally distil it through a long (126cm) glass helices-packed column. The first fraction contains a water azeotrope. [Beilstein 17 II 17.]
不和合性
May form explosive mixture with air.
Unless inhibited, can form unstable and explosive peroxides. Before entering confined space where this chemical
may be present, check to make sure that an explosive concentration does not exist. Polymerization will occur in the
presence of acids, strong bases and chlorides of tin, iron and
aluminum. Storage tanks and other equipment should be
absolutely dry and free from air, ammonia, acetylene,
hydrogen sulfide, rust and other contaminants. Incompatible
with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline
materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.
Attacks some plastics. May accumulate static electric
charges that can result in ignition of its vapors. A regulated,
marked area should be established where this chemical is
handled, used, or stored in compliance with OSHA Standard
1910.1045.
1,2-ブチレンオキシド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品