파리쿼트(호흡성)

파리쿼트(호흡성) 속성

파리쿼트(호흡성) MSDS

1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium

파리쿼트(호흡성) C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Paraquat is a quaternary ammonium compound with herbicide properties, as diquat. It is contained in Cekuquat or Dipril.

화학적 성질

Paraquat is a yellow solid with a faint, ammonia-like odor.

용도

It can cause contact and phototoxic contact dermatitis, acne, and leucoderma, mainly in agrieultural workers.

제조 방법

Paraquat is synthesized by the direct quaternization of 4,4 -bipyridyl with chloromethane under pressure (1,9). Diquat is synthesized by reaction of 2,2 -bipridyl with di-n-propyl amine.

생산 방법

Paraquat is produced in several countries by coupling pyridine in the presence of sodium in anhydrous ammonia and quaternizing the resulting 4,4-bipyridyl with methyl chloride. The only impurity permitted is the 4,40-bipyridyl at a maximum level of 0.25% of the paraquat content. It is formulated for commercial use in various concentrations and mixtures. In the United States, paraquat is sold in watersoluble concentrates at 1.5–2.5 lb/gal.

정의

ChEBI: An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.

농업용

Herbicide, Defoliant, Desiccant: Paraquat is a quaternary nitrogen herbicide widely used for broadleaf weed control. It is a quick-acting, nonselective compound, that destroys green plant tissue on contact and by translocation within the plant. It has been employed for killing marijuana in the U.S. and in Mexico. It is also used as a crop desiccant and defoliant, and as an aquatic herbicide. It is used in many formulations with other herbicides, e. g., simazine and diquat. Paraquat dichloride is registered for the control of weeds and grasses in agricultural and non-agricultural areas. It is used as a preplant or pre-emergence herbicide on vegetables, grains, cotton, grasses, sugarcane, peanuts, potatoes, and on areas for tree plantation establishment. Paraquat is applied as a directed spray post-emergence herbicide around fruit crops, vegetables, trees, vines, grains, soybeans, and sugarcane. It is used for dormant season applications on clover and other legumes, and for chemical fallow. It is also used as a desiccant or harvest aid on cotton, dry beans, soybeans, potatoes, sunflowers, sugarcane and as a post-harvest desiccant on tomatoes. It is applied to pine trees to induce resin soaking. Paraquat dichloride is also used on non-crop areas such as public airports, electric transformer stations and around commercial buildings to control weeds. Not approved for use in EU countries. A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP).

상품명

HERBICIDE®[C]; CRISQUAT®; CYCLONE®; DEXTRONE®; DEXTRONE-X®; ESGRAM®; GAMIXEL®; GOLDQUAT 276®; GRAMOXONE®; GRAMOXONE D®; GRAMOXONE DICHLORIDE®; GRAMOXONE S®; GRAMOXONE W®; HERBIKILL®; HERBOXONE®; OK 622®; ORTHO PARAQUAT CL®[C]; PARA-COL®; PARAMINE®; PARAQUAT CL®[C]; PARAQUAT DICHLORIDE BIPYRIDYLNIUM HERBICIDE®; PATHCLEAR®; PILLARQUAT®; PILLARXONE®; PP148®; PRELUDE®[C]; STARFIRE®; SUREFIRE®; SWEEP®; TERRAKLENE®; TOTACOL®; TOXER TOTAL®; UNIQUAT®; WEEDOL®

색상 색인 번호

Paraquat is a quaternary ammonium compound with herbicide properties, as diquat. It is contained in Cekuquat? or Dipril?. It can cause contact and phototoxic contact dermatitis, acne, and leukoderma mainly in agricultural workers.

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Mutation data reported. Human systemic effects: changes in structure or function of esophagus, darrhea, edema, fibrosis of lung, fibrosis, focal (pneumoconiosis), hemorrhage, jaundice, renal damage, renal function tests depressed, respiratory depression, ulceration or bleedmg from stomach, vomiting. Death from anoxia may result. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also PARAQUAT DICHLOFUDE

잠재적 노출

Those engaged in manufacture, formulation and application of this herbicide. Classified for restricted use: limited to use by a certified applicator, or those under applicator’s direct supervision.

Carcinogenicity

Several carcinogenicity studies have been conducted on paraquat by the oral route. In a 2-year feeding study at doses as high as 75 mg/kg in mice, and a drinking water study at doses as high as 2.6 mg/L of water in rats, no evidence of tumorigenicity was seen. Similar negative results were reported for diquat in a 2-year feeding study (Hayes, 1991) in rats at dose levels up to 720 mg/kg and in a 2-year drinking water study in mice at doses of 2–4 mg/kg.

신진 대사

Because paraquat and diquat are positively charged ions, they are very quickly and tightly bound to negatively charged clay particles in the soil, rendering them totally inactive (1). Thus, these herbicides have no soil activity.
Plants do not actively metabolize either paraquat or diquat (31); however, substantial photodegradation does occur on the leaf surface. Isonicotinic acid and methylamine hydrochloride are the decomposition products most often noted from paraquat (1). With diquat, the decomposition products included the pyrazinium salt, picolinamide, and picolinic acid (1). Photodegradation of diquat was greater than that of paraquat at equal irradiances (1–3).

운송 방법

UN2781 Bipyridilium pesticide, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.

비 호환성

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides (hydrolysis), alkylarylsulfonate wetting agents. Corrosive to metals. Decomposes in presence of ultraviolet (UV) light. Decomposes in heat (see physical properties, above) and in the presence of UV light, producing nitrogen oxides, hydrogen chloride.

폐기물 처리

Paraquat is rapidly inactivated in soil. It is also inactivated by anionic surfactants. Therefore an effective and environmentally safe disposal method would be to mix the product with ordinary household detergent and bury the mixture in clay soil. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers. Must be disposed properly by following package label directions or by contacting your local or federal environmental control agency, or by contacting your regional EPA office. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.

파리쿼트(호흡성) 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품

파리쿼트(호흡성) 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Henan Tianfu Chemical Co.,Ltd.	+86-0371-55170693 +86-19937530512	info@tianfuchem.com	China	21687	55
career henan chemical co	+86-0371-86658258	sales@coreychem.com	China	29914	58
Hubei Jusheng Technology Co.,Ltd.	18871490254	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	28180	58
Xiamen AmoyChem Co., Ltd	+86-592-6051114 +8618959220845	sales@amoychem.com	China	6387	58
Hubei xin bonus chemical co. LTD	86-13657291602	linda@hubeijusheng.com	CHINA	22968	58
Chongqing Chemdad Co., Ltd	+86-023-6139-8061 +86-86-13650506873	sales@chemdad.com	China	39916	58
Hefei TNJ Chemical Industry Co.,Ltd.	0551-65418671	sales@tnjchem.com	China	34571	58
Wuhan Monad Medicine Tech Co.,LTD	02768782018 18771942761	sales01@whmonad.com	CHINA	992	58
Hebei Duling International Trade Co. LTD	+8617333973358	sales01@hbduling.cn	China	15626	58
SUZHOU SENFEIDA CHEMICAL CO.,LTD	+86-0512-83500002 +8615195660023	sales@senfeida.com	China	5100	58

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