| Odor |
Extremely penetrating, unpleasant odor, typical of the mercaptans, sulfuraceous, choking, gassy.
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| Chemical Properties | clear colorless liquid; meaty aroma. slightly soluble in water, easily soluble in alcohol and ether. |
| Uses | 1-Pentanethiol is a raw material for organic synthesis. It is mainly used in the organic synthesis of sulfur compounds. |
| Uses | 1-Pentanethiol can be used as additives for hair coloring agents. |
| Preparation | 1-Pentanethiol is synthesized from n-pentyl alcohol and hydrogen sulfide catalyzed by thorium dioxide. |
| Definition | ChEBI: 1-Pentanethiol is an alkanethiol. |
| Aroma threshold values | High strength odor; recommend smelling in a 0.10% solution or less. |
| General Description | 1-Pentanethiol appears as a clear colorless to light-yellow liquid with an offensive odor. Flash point 65°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors are heavier than air. May be toxic by inhalation. |
| Air & Water Reactions | Highly flammable. Insoluble in water. |
| Reactivity Profile | 1-Pentanethiol is incompatible with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, alkali metals, calcium hypochlorite, concentrated nitric acid . |
| Health Hazard | Inhalation may cause nausea because of offensive odor. Contact with eyes or skin causes slight irritation. Ingestion may cause vomiting. |
| Safety Profile | Moderately toxic by inhalation. A weak sensitizer and allergen. Local contact may cause contact dermatitis. A flammable liquid and dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidming materials. Hypergolic reaction with concentrated nitric acid. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. See also MERCAPTANS |
| Solubility in organics | Soluble in alcohol, perfume and flavor materials.
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| Purification Methods | Dissolve the thiol in aqueous 20% NaOH, then extract with a small amount of diethyl ether. The aqueous solution is acidified slightly with 15% H2SO4, and the thiol is distilled out, dried with CaSO4 or CaCl2, and fractionally distilled under nitrogen. [Ellis & Reid J Am Chem Soc 54 1674 1932, Beilstein 1 IV 1453.] |